6.3. In this lesson, you're going to learn some of the most compound adjectives with example . c) no punctuation: corn starch amended food. 9-letter words that start with high. Note that hyphenated compound words are most commonly used when the words being joined together are combined to form an adjective before a noun. There are five types of words that should be hyphenated: 1. Structure . Examples are double-check, cost-effective, around-the-clock, hand-to-hand, forward-thinking, eyeliner, and iced tea. b) en dash: corn starch-amended food. Use a hyphen to separate a prefix from a name or . If the multipleword adjective comes before a noun, use hyphens. Refer to the Chicago Manual's Table 6.1, "A Spelling Guide for Compound Words," for more examples. I've written more than once about hyphens, including this previous post, but it remains a troublesome topic, so I'll approach it from this direction, too: the categories of hyphenation errors. Anti-trash and Pro-turtle Alliances Worked Together to Clean the Park. The hyphen is a punctuation mark used to join words and to separate syllables of a single word. Among the words formed in such a way, some are said to be "almost transparent" : to self-correct; to self-educate; a self-made man; a self-hating person; self-defence; self-government, etc. Vocabulary Builder Course Have you ever noticed some English words with hyphens between them? ( Is is a "to be" verb.) Hyphenate if 'non' qualifies more than one word. Because shelllike looks weird. Place the hyphen between the syllables, or sounds, of a word. Below, we have added lists of examples for all the types of compound words. 2-letter Words. For example: I have sent you a three-page summary. However, there are two occasions when it is standard to hyphenate a number: When writing out 21 to 99 as words (e.g., twenty-one, ninety-nine . In professionally printed material (particularly books, magazines, and newspapers), the hyphen is used to divide words between the end of one line and the beginning of the next. otherwise. For examples "to-do," "merry-go-round," "high-risk," "T-shirt," and "sixty-six" are all words with hyphens. To show a period of time, such as an age. ice cream. Rule 1a. real estate. Any base-ten higher than twenty plus an integer one through nine is hyphenated. 2. You can consult a dictionary to see which compound words use hyphens. The use of hyphens is called hyphenation. Grammar . Yes: "We apparently will be informed on a need-to-know basis.". You can use a hyphen to help distinguish any periods of time that you may have in your writing. When a compound adjective follows a noun, a hyphen is usually not necessary. You will also want to be sure to always include the second hyphen in this case. Self-assurance. The hyphen should not be confused with dashes, which are longer and have different uses, or with the minus sign, which is also longer in some contexts. If you put a hyphen between the words . Remember: hyphens link two words, so the word or phrase makes sense and doesn't confuse the reader. For example: a well-known author an English-speaking country a three-hour movie a part-time job a middle-aged woman; These are called compound adjectives - meaning an adjective that has two or more words.. gradually, with no steep slopes or sudden change in direction. this is a family-owned business. over and above. English-speaking is an adjective (used to describe the country). ultra-argumentative. relating to high mountains, especially the mountains of the European Alps. Words that start with CROSS - full list. This rule is especially common with TIME, MONEY, and DISTANCE. Callous. 2500 pages of free content are available only online. This is called a compound adjective. The hyphen should not be confused with dashes, which are longer and have different uses, or with the minus sign, which is also longer in some contexts. There are 1,768 words that start with the letter I in the Scrabble dictionary. When modifying adjectives containing the suffix -ly are used, the compound word . high lifes. It has several related uses; in every case, it is used to show that what it is attached to does not make up a complete word by itself. If you . In this sentence should the word highly and trained have no hypehn between them. The corn starch amended food is cheaper to produce but now lesser in protein. For line breaks in words ending in -ing, if a single final consonant in the root word is doubled before the suffix, hyphenate between the consonants; otherwise, hyphenate at the suffix itself: plan-ning run-ning driv-ing call-ing. full-time worker. on top of that. If you put a hyphen between the words . The words in a compound adjective (a single adjective made up of two or more words) can be linked together by hyphens to show they are one grammatical unit (i.e., one multi-word adjective). milk + shake = milk shake. Closed Compound words: These words are written as a single word, such as haircut, newspaper, grandmother, etc. The hyphen ( -) is the small bar found on every keyboard. high flyer. graded adjective. When you use a compound adjective before the noun, you should hyphenate: there's off-street parking here. For example: semi-industrious. Some phrasal adjectives (including "civil rights," "stock market," and "high school") don't require hyphenation when they appear before a noun . Below are some of the most common rules of hyphenation. twenty-four six-inch-long measurements. Learn the basic rules of usage here, and start using hyphens to improve your writing. A compound is a word or word group that consists of two or more parts that work together as a unit to express a specific concept. What does this mean? Attributive compounds 'I thought You Only Live Twice was a really high-quality Bond movie.' However, there are two occasions when it is standard to hyphenate a number: When writing out 21 to 99 as words (e.g., twenty-one, ninety-nine . The corn starch amended food is cheaper to produce but now lesser in protein. Hyphens are often used when a compound modifies a noun ("sun-bleached curtains," "fire . 3. Use a hyphen for all words that have 'mid-' as a prefix, except for common words that are never hyphenated (e.g. high brows. In general, use the APA Dictionary of Psychology and the Merriam-Webster dictionary to determine hyphenation. IA. Water bottle (with a space between the two words) implies that the bottle is made up of water. Hyphens can be used to join a prefix to another word, especially if the prefix ends in a vowel and the other word also begins with one (e.g. For example "clean-shaven" would be sorted as if the hyphen were a blank space as in "clean shaven". In general, you should mostly treat the hyphen as if it were a blank space. And it's the same with numbers; for example, we write the phrase a two-door car like this: A two hyphen door car (a two-door car). www.myvocabulary.com offers more than 680 word lists. 2-syllable words. Exactly. Exceptions must nec- essarily be allowed. Do hyphenate a phrase that modifies the next noun. on top of this. twenty-four boys five years old. In general, use the APA Dictionary of Psychology and the Merriam-Webster dictionary to determine hyphenation. Explore a list of ocean words that you might use. The easiest way to determine whether to hyphenate or where to break a word is to look it up in the dictionary. Use of hyphen is optional if 'non' qualifies only one word. But that's only for numbers before the noun. The forms of compounds (two words used together) in English are not fixed. AFI, CIA, DIA, FBI, GRU . To see Patriotism, Spies, Veterans Day and Character word lists, please go to the home page for word games, interactive word puzzles and themed content with Latin word roots and align with Common Core Standards. Water bottle (with a space between the two words) implies that the bottle is made up of water. Using . Web addresses can be . a gradual slope is not steep. Take water-bottle, for instance. Do not use hyphens in ages unless to avoid confusion, although it's always best to write in a way that avoids ambiguity. They might also be formed from prefixes or suffixes, as in ex-president, supermicro . high jacks. www.myvocabulary.com offers more than 625 word lists. 1. gradual adjective. state-of-the-art features. Note that adjectives never take an " s .". Microsoft and Gregg would capitalize flat and sharp if they appeared in a title (unlike Rule 2). The Compound. Take water-bottle, for instance. This adjective with two words joined by the hyphen is called a compound adjective. re-enter. over and above that. steep with a lot of rough rocks. Our word list does not include words that are offensive, obscure, hyphenated or proper nouns. A properly placed hyphen helps the reader understand the intended meaning. Th e rules, therefore, are somewhat fl exible. Hyphen. Some terms have moved from being open compounds ( base ball) to hyphenated ( base-ball) to closed ( baseball ), a pattern that reflects familiarity and frequency of usage. cross 8. crossabilities 21. crossability 21. crossable 16. crossarm 14. crossarms 15. crossbanded 20. crossbanding 23. If you have a choice, divide the word more or less in the middle. Break words between syllables so that the hyphen: is between 2 components of a compound word (for example, 'data-base') is between the base word and the suffix or prefix (for example, 'neat-ness') comes before a . Here are some other examples of open compound words: high school. Linking Sentences Misplaced & Dangling Modifiers Sentence Fragments Paragraphs. Considering those rules, these hyphenated words would all be correctly capitalized in titles: Follow-Up. Do hyphenate a phrase that modifies the next noun. 1. 1. Argumentative. A hyphen is used to combine two different words together. His kitchen is well-equipped. Whether it's the first name, middle name or the surname that is hyphenated, it will be treated as one unit. small-town charm. b) en dash: corn starch-amended food. Examples: She gave me an up-to-date report. 5 Responses to "Hyphenating Phrases". on-campus housing. This allows for an evenly aligned right margin without highly variable (and distracting) word spacing. Do not hyphenate compounds preceding or following a noun where the hyphen would be placed after a word . a) hyphen: corn-starch amended food. Don't break short words over a line, especially: words of fewer than 6 letters. Omitting Hyphens in Phrasal Adjectives. Punctuation . "Your state-of-the-art theatre". Many thanks. Abrasive. It's pretty simple - you treat hyphenated names as one unit. a) hyphen: corn-starch amended food. The rules for such word division are beyond the . No hyphen because you can take out the word "fat" and it still makes sense. high lands. Some words can be hyphenated in different places and you . For line breaks, divide already-hyphenated words only at the hyphen: mass-produced self-conscious. This helps in avoiding ambiguity and confusion. The Hyphen. That is, both words modify fish. To see Science word lists , please go to the home page for word games, interactive worksheets, word puzzles and themed content with Latin roots that align with Common Core Standards. In terms of compound words, they've transformed into various types. Word division. Also use a hyphen if there's a risk of mispronouncing a word. Examples are double-check, cost-effective, around-the-clock, hand-to-hand, forward-thinking, eyeliner, and iced tea. . In English, we hyphenate many two-digit numbers in their written form. (If you're not sure where the syllable breaks are in a word, check the dictionary.) gently adverb. If you're puzzled about when to hyphenate, I hope these can help. a gentle slope or shape is gradual, with no sudden changes. Hyphens Between Words. So, you'd hyphenate co-worker, for example, to stop people tripping up . Longer words earn one point per letter. Open Compounds: Compound words that are written as separate words such as high school, living room, school bus, etc. Articles are words that describe the . self-report; self . (The words in the compound adjective "three-page" are linked with a hyphen to show they are part of the same adjective.) ( Was is a "to be" verb.) Ig. These should be used with caution since negative words to describe someone's personality are usually taken pretty poorly. Should words beginning with Non be hyphenated? high light. Bossy. Also use hyphens for. The use of hyphens is called hyphenation. what's more. From the Chicago Manual of Style: Adverbs ending in 'ly."'. In these examples, the hyphenated phrase is modifying the next word, as . Rules can vary on when to hyphenate numbers, so it is always worth checking your style sheet if you or your employer has one (or if you have been asked to use a standard style guide, like APA or Chicago). When it comes to the powerful ocean, there are a lot of ocean words to find. However, the symbol in this case (the hyphen) is not considered a separate symbol and should be ignored. Here are 5 things I've learnt about hyphenation. Here are the rules as we see them: Rule 1: Hyphens are always used when two adjectives modify each other and NOT the noun. IC. Commas Semi-Colons Colons Apostrophes Hyphens Question Marks Quotation Marks. When spelt with a hyphen, 'Start-Up' appears to be a compound noun. living room. id. In these examples, the hyphenated phrase is modifying the next word, as . Use a hyphen with prefixes or suffixes (such as '-like') when you've repeated letters in a word, but you pronounce them separately, as in shell-like or anti-inflammatory. Beyond that, all three capitalize the first and last word of a title. We used computer-generated images in our presentation. 1. one-half. Generally, hyphenate two or more words when they come before a noun they modify and act as a single idea. Below is a list of some negative personality adjectives. This car runs best on high-octane gasoline. Some examples of compound adjectives using high and low include high-level/low-level and high-impact/low-impact Low-flying airplanes contribute to the noise pollution in the area. A handy reference with examples of some common compound words that are hyphenated. Hyphenate the number and then the adjective. Omitting Hyphens in Phrasal Adjectives. Please see our Crossword & Codeword, Words With Friends or Scrabble word helpers if that's what you're looking for. Don't divide words that have only one syllable. No hyphen because you can take out the word "fat" and it still makes sense. "An end-to-end solution". Boring. Compounds in which the base word is. A compound noun is made up of two or more words; and hyphens are generally used to clear up ambiguities. The resources in this article can help you introduce compound words to your children and make them feel like superheroes for being able to read and spell such long words! Consider the examples below for illustration: ie. 2500 pages of free content are available only online. Compound words are formed when two smaller words combine to form a new word, as in these examples: mail + box = mail box. For example, compound words can have hyphens, spaces, or no spaces at all between the two words. Keep in mind many rules only apply in certain circumstances and that this list of rules is far from . if. then. After the reading exercise, answer these follow-up questions. high flier. The hyphen is a punctuation mark used to join words and to separate syllables of a single word. That is, both words modify fish. prearrange or cooperate ). "Those out-of-date eggs". If you're puzzled about when to hyphenate, I hope these can help. Don't leave only one letter of a divided word on a line. However, particularly when the vowel is an "o," if you can bear how the word looks without a hyphen and your spellchecker lets it through, then omit the hyphen. in addition to this. Attributive and predicative compound adjectives. Some phrasal adjectives (including "civil rights," "stock market," and "high school") don't require hyphenation when they appear before a noun . Rule #4: Ignore the articles. c) no punctuation: corn starch amended food. Here are the rules as we see them: Rule 1: Hyphens are always used when two adjectives modify each other and NOT the noun. Four-letter words are worth one point each. Of those 753 are 8 letter words, 517 are 7 letter words, 294 are 6 letter words, 120 are 5 letter words, 59 are 4 letter words, 20 are 3 letter words, and 5 are 2 letter words. For example, 'a class of 15 16-year-old students took the A level . The adjective (which is a compound of two words: 'high' and 'quality') comes before the noun ('movie'). The hyphen is sometimes confused with dashes (figure dash , en dash -, em dash , horizontal bar ), which are longer and have different uses, or with the minus sign , which is also longer and . Hyphens are used in some compound words (connected words) to make the word easier to read and help clarify words used together. gentle adjective. Some more examples of compound adjectives are: Our office is in a twenty-storey building. Without the second hyphen, this sentence becomes about an old child. Hyphenate the number. However, AP states that "when a modifier that would be hyphenated before a noun occurs instead after a form of the verb to be, the hyphen usually must be retained to avoid confusion": I thought her memo was well-written. Example (maybe not the best example, but you get the point): She is a nice fat fish. When spelt with a hyphen, 'Start-Up' appears to be a compound noun. Some terms have moved from being open compounds ( base ball) to hyphenated ( base-ball) to closed ( baseball ), a pattern that reflects familiarity and frequency of usage. Here are some examples: twenty-one thirty-two forty-three fifty-four sixty-five seventy-six eighty-seven ninety-eight If the hyphenated word in your title or heading starts with a prefix that isn't a standalone word (e.g., pre, non, de ), lowercase the second word. I've been waiting at the train station for more than two hours. Rules can vary on when to hyphenate numbers, so it is always worth checking your style sheet if you or your employer has one (or if you have been asked to use a standard style guide, like APA or Chicago). A hyphen is not separated by spaces whereas a dash has a space on both sides. Current language trends continue to point to closing up certain words which, through either frequent use or widespread dissemination through modern media exposure, have become fi xed in the reader's mind as .